Isakhiwo esisisiseko kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza we-excavator, i-sprocket ye-Excavator yase-Azerbaijan

Isakhiwo esisisiseko kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza we-excavator, i-sprocket ye-Excavator yase-Azerbaijan

1. Ulwakhiwo lulonke lwe-hydraulic excavator yebhakethi enye
Ulwakhiwo lulonke lwe-single bucket hydraulic excavator luquka isixhobo samandla, isixhobo esisebenzayo, indlela yokusila, indlela yokusebenza, inkqubo yothumelo, indlela yokuhamba kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo, njl.

Iyunithi yamandla ye-hydraulic excavator esetyenziswa rhoqo, eyona nxalenye iphambili yenkqubo yokudlulisa, indlela yokutshixa, izixhobo ezincedisayo kunye nekhabhathi zonke zifakwe kwiqonga lokutshixa, elidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-upper turntable. Ke ngoko, i-single bucket hydraulic excavator ingashwankathelwa ngamacandelo amathathu: isixhobo esisebenzayo, i-upper turntable kunye nendlela yokuhamba.

I-excavator iguqula amandla ekhemikhali eoyile yedizili abe ngamandla oomatshini ngenjini yedizili, kwaye amandla oomatshini aguqulwa abe ngamandla e-hydraulic ngepompo ye-hydraulic plunger. Amandla e-hydraulic asasazwa kwi-element nganye executive (isilinda se-hydraulic, i-rotary motor + i-reducer, i-walking motor + i-reducer) ngenkqubo ye-hydraulic, kwaye emva koko amandla e-hydraulic aguqulwa abe ngamandla oomatshini yi-element nganye executive, ukuze kufezekiswe intshukumo yesixhobo esisebenzayo, intshukumo ejikelezayo yeqonga elijikelezayo kunye nentshukumo yokuhamba yomatshini wonke.
Okwesibini, inkqubo yamandla ombane wokumba
1, indlela yokudlulisela umbane we-excavator yile ilandelayo
1) Indlela yokuhambisa amandla okuhamba: injini yedizili-ipompo yokudibanisa-i-hydraulic (amandla oomatshini aguqulwa abe ngamandla e-hydraulic)-ivali yokusasazwa-imoto yokuhamba ejikelezayo ephakathi (amandla e-hydraulic aguqulwa abe ngamandla oomatshini)-isixhobo sokukrwela esinciphisayo-esiqhuba ivili-umkhondo-ukuze sikwazi ukuhamba.
2) Indlela yokudlulisa intshukumo ejikelezayo: injini yedizili-ipompo ye-hydraulic (amandla oomatshini aguqulwa abe ngamandla e-hydraulic)-ival yokusasazwa-imoto ejikelezayo (amandla e-hydraulic aguqulwa abe ngamandla oomatshini)-inkxaso yokunciphisa-ejikelezayo-ukufezekisa intshukumo ejikelezayo.
3) Indlela yokudlulisa intshukumo ye-boom: injini yedizili-i-coupling-hydraulic pump (amandla oomatshini aguqulwa abe ngamandla e-hydraulic)-isasazi se-valve-boom cylinder (amandla e-hydraulic aguqulwa abe ngamandla oomatshini)-ukuphumeza intshukumo ye-boom.
4) Indlela yokuhambisa intshukumo yentonga: injini yedizili-i-coupling-hydraulic pump (amandla oomatshini aguqulwa abe ngamandla e-hydraulic)-isasazi sevalvu-i-stick cylinder (amandla e-hydraulic aguqulwa abe ngamandla oomatshini)-ukuphumeza intshukumo yentonga.
5) Indlela yokuhambisa ibhakethi: injini yedizili-i-coupling-hydraulic pump (amandla oomatshini aguqulwa abe ngamandla e-hydraulic)-isabalalisi sevalvu-isilinda sebhakethi (amandla e-hydraulic aguqulwa abe ngamandla oomatshini)-ukuphumeza intshukumo yebhakethi.

1. Ivili lesi-2 elikhokelayo, i-spivel joint esembindini 3, ivalvu yokulawula 4, i-final drive 5, i-traveling motor 6, i-hydraulic pump 7 kunye ne-injini.
8. Ivalvu ye-solenoid yesantya sokuhamba 9, ivalvu ye-solenoid ye-brake yokushefa 10, i-slewing motor 11, i-slewing mechanism 12 kunye nenkxaso ye-slewing.
2. Isikhululo sombane
Isixhobo samandla se-single bucket hydraulic excavator ikakhulu sisebenzisa injini yedizili ethe nkqo ene-multi-cylinder, epholiswe ngamanzi enomlinganiselo wamandla weyure enye.
3. Inkqubo yokudlulisa
Inkqubo yokudlulisa ye-single bucket hydraulic excavator idlulisela amandla okukhupha enjini yedizili kwisixhobo esisebenzayo, isixhobo sokusika, indlela yokuhamba, njl. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeenkqubo zokudlulisa i-hydraulic ze-single-bucket hydraulic excavators, ezihlelwa ngokwenani leempompo eziphambili, imo yokulungisa amandla kunye nenani leesekethe. Kukho iintlobo ezintandathu zeenkqubo zobuninzi, ezifana ne-single-pump okanye i-double-pump single-loop quantitative system, i-double-pump double-loop quantitative system, i-multi-pump multi-loop quantitative system, i-double-pump double-loop power variable system, i-double-pump double-loop full-power variable system kunye ne-multi-pump multi-loop quantitative okanye variable mixing system. Ngokwemo ye-oyile circulation, inokwahlulwa ibe yinkqubo evulekileyo kunye ne-close system. Yahlulwe yaba yinkqubo yochungechunge kunye nenkqubo ehambelanayo ngokwemo ye-oyile.

1. Ipleyiti yokuqhuba 2, intwasahlobo yekhoyili 3, iphini yokumisa 4, ipleyiti yokukhuhlana 5 kunye nendibano yokufunxa umatshini.
6. Isithulisi-lizwi 7, isihlalo sokufaka injini ngasemva 8 kunye nesihlalo sokufaka injini ngaphambili.
Inkqubo ye-hydraulic apho ukuhamba kokuphuma kwepompo ephambili kulixabiso elimiselweyo yinkqubo ye-hydraulic ebanzi; Ngokuchaseneyo, izinga lokuhamba kwepompo ephambili linokutshintshwa yinkqubo elawulayo, ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo eguquguqukayo. Kwinkqubo ye-quantitative, i-actuator nganye isebenza ngesantya sokuhamba esimiselweyo esinikezelwa yipompo yeoyile ngaphandle kokugcwala, kwaye amandla epompo yeoyile amiselwa ngokwesantya sokuhamba esizinzileyo kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza. Phakathi kweenkqubo eziguquguqukayo, eyona ixhaphakileyo yinkqubo ye-constant power variable eneempompo ezimbini kunye neeluphu ezimbini, ezinokwahlulwa zibe yi-partial power variable kunye ne-full power variable. Kwinkqubo ye-power variable regulation, ipompo ye-constant power variable kunye ne-constant power regulator zifakelwe ngokulandelanayo kwi-loop nganye yenkqubo, kwaye amandla enjini asasazwa ngokulinganayo kwipompo nganye yeoyile; Inkqubo ye-full-power regulating ine-constant power regulator elawula utshintsho lokuhamba kwazo zonke iipompo yeoyile kwinkqubo ngaxeshanye, ukuze kufezekiswe ii-synchronous variables.
Kwinkqubo evulekileyo, ioyile yokubuyisela ye-actuator ibuyela ngqo kwitanki yeoyile, ebonakaliswa yinkqubo elula kunye nesiphumo esihle sokusasaza ubushushu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomthamo omkhulu wetanki yeoyile, kukho amathuba amaninzi okuba isekethe yeoyile enoxinzelelo oluphantsi iqhagamshelane nomoya, kwaye umoya ungena lula kwipayipi ukuze ubangele ukungcangcazela. Ukusebenza kwe-hydraulic excavator yebhakethi enye ikakhulu ngumsebenzi we-oyile cylinder, kodwa umahluko phakathi kwamagumbi eoyile amakhulu namancinci e-oyile yesilinda yeoyile mkhulu, umsebenzi uphindaphindeka, kwaye ixabiso leekhalori liphezulu, ngoko uninzi lwee-hydraulic excavators zebhakethi enye zisebenzisa inkqubo evulekileyo; Isekethe yokubuyisela yeoyile ye-actuator kwisekethe evaliweyo ayibuyeli ngqo kwitanki yeoyile, ebonakaliswa yisakhiwo esincinci, umthamo omncinci wetanki yeoyile, uxinzelelo oluthile kwisekethe yokubuyisela yeoyile, ubunzima bomoya ukungena kwipayipi, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, kunye nokuphepha impembelelo ngexesha lokubuyela umva. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye imeko yokusasaza ubushushu ayilunganga. Kwiinkqubo zasekuhlaleni ezifana nesixhobo sokutshiza se-hydraulic excavator yebhakethi enye, inkqubo ye-hydraulic ye-loop evaliweyo iyasetyenziswa. Ukongeza ekuvuthweni kweoyile okubangelwa kukujikeleza okuhle nokubi kwemoto ye-hydraulic, kudla ngokubakho ipompo yeoyile eyongezelelweyo kwinkqubo yokuvala.
4. Indlela yokujika
Indlela yokutshixa ijikeleza isixhobo esisebenzayo kunye ne-turntable ephezulu ngasekhohlo okanye ngasekunene ukuze kumbiwe kwaye kukhutshwe impahla. Isixhobo sokutshixa se-single bucket hydraulic excavator kufuneka sikwazi ukuxhasa i-turntable kwisakhelo, singathambeki, kwaye senze i-slewing ibe lula kwaye iguquguquke. Ke ngoko, ii-single bucket hydraulic excavators zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokuxhasa i-slewing kunye nezixhobo zokudlulisa i-slewing, ezibizwa ngokuba zizixhobo zokutshixa.